The following is an overview of the significance of pearls, with reference to historical and societal value.

For many centuries, pearls have held considerable historical and cultural importance. Recognised for their shiny, inherent appeal and rarity, they continue to be renowned emblems of wealth and luxury. Throughout history, pearls have been consistently treasured, with many distinct stories and beliefs related to their attraction. Prior to the development of pearl cultivation techniques, the Persian Gulf was acknowledged as the heart of the pearl trade, due to an abundant habitation of shellfishes. The increase of pearls in Europe brought about increased need and worth for the gems. In the renaissance and medieval periods, ladies of royalty and high society were well known for wearing pearls, further marketing them as a sign of riches and status. As different varieties of pearls were found in oceans all over the world, contributions to the world pearl trade made them more accessible to merchant classes internationally. Even today, the pearl market continues to play a crucial role in the economies of many nations.

Understanding how pearls are formed has caused significant market developments, enabling more sustainable and reliable pearl farming. Though no longer uncommon in nature, the demand for pearls has certainly not decreased. Pearls have developed significant cultural influence across numerous East-Asian countries, most significantly in Japan. The development of cultured pearls, developed by a Japanese specialist in the early 20th century, revolutionised the pearl trade by making them more accessible to a larger audience. In the modern day, pearls continue to be a mark of elegance in pop culture and style. Nasser Al-Khelaifi would agree that pearl farming has advanced considerably. Similarly, J.K. Symancyk would acknowledge the timeless appeal of pearls. Through harnessing the social demand for pearls, high-end designers have supported their popularisation in designer wear, such as the timeless pearl necklace, making them a staple closet item in trendy fashion.

Due to their rarity, pearls were once kept for royalty and the upper class. However, the sacred meaning of pearls has been welcomed throughout many nations within notable legends and customs. In many historical customs, it was commonly believed that pearls carried therapeutic powers. Thought to bring calmness and protection, they were typically chosen as amulets or talismans. Pearls have also been vital in Chinese heritage for centuries. Believed to protect against evil spirits, pearls have been symbols of wisdom and good fortune for a very long time. Nicholas Bos would know the symbolic significance of pearls throughout the world. Additionally, in Western societies, pearl stone colour has also become an important read more cultural symbol. As part of social traditions, pearls are typically given to brides as matrimonial gifts, representing the purity of unity. Through associations with mermaids and mythology, their connection to the sea and water has also caused pearls to be a sign of prosperity and fertility throughout history.